The Southern Ocean, encircling Antarctica with its predominantly westerly winds and currents, hosts numerous isolated oceanic islands. Its biological landscape has long intrigued researchers due to its susceptibility to large-scale…
The Ross Sea is one of the most productive areas in the Antarctic Ocean, being an area characterized by a high seasonal and regional variety of primary production and carbon…
Events characterized by high temperatures in the oceans have become increasingly common, including in the Southern Ocean. This Ocean, where numerous species live, most of which are endemic to this…
The polar environments possess extreme light conditions, with midnight sun periods and polar nights[1]. Zooplankton[2] species have adapted different strategies to survive the polar night, reducing their activity in comparison…
In just 1 gram of soil we can find the equivalent of 100 million bacteria. Globally much of this bacterial diversity is still poorly known and in extreme environments such…
Invasive alien species (IAS) are an important issue all over the world. IAS are animals or plants that are introduced into a natural environment where they are not normally from,…
The traditional vision portrayed Antarctica as a continent with low biodiversity and limited by a hostile environment. However, biodiversity studies over the last few years have shown that life in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean is…
The legend of "Kraken" is not totally false. In the depths of the Antarctic Ocean lies the refuge of a creature similar in size and appearance to myth. The colossal…
Usually when a whale dies it sinks into the ocean - an event called whale-fall. When it reaches the deep ocean - a very unproductive area - it provides an ephemeral habitat [1]…
Antarctica is one of the most extreme terrestrial environments both at the physical and chemical levels. However, their soils have a great diversity, some richer in nutrients, usually located at…